Immunological and pathological adverse effects of avian influenza virus subtype H9N2 infection in aflatoxicated-broiler chickens

Isolation and Identification of Avian Influenza Virus H9N2 Subtype

Evaluation of the timing of the Escherichia coli co-infection on pathogenecity of H9N2 avian influenza virus in broiler chickens

Bacterial co-infections can probably influence the pathogenicity of H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exposure time to Escherichia coli (O:2) on the pathogenicity of H9N2 AIV in broiler chickens. Three hundred and sixty broiler chickens were randomly allocated to six equal groups. At the age of 26 days, all chicks except groups 5 and 6 w...

Molecular characterization of non-structural gene of H9N2 subtype of avian influenza viruses isolated from broiler chickens in Iran

BACKGROUND: The H9N2 subtype of avian influenzaviruses (AIVs) have spread in Asia and Middle East countriesand have become a serious threat to poultry industry in Iran.OBJECTIVES:Characterization of genes of H9N2 subtype involvingin pathogenicity and diagnosis are crucial in control of avianinfluenza outbreaks. The Nonstructural (NS) gene and its proteinproducts (NS1 & NS2) are important as dia...

Isolation of H9N2 Subtype of Avian Influenza Viruses during an Outbreak in Chickens in Iran

Avian influenza is an important disease of poultry with the potential to cause major epidemics resulting in significant economic losses. The presence of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in chickens in Iran has not been previously reported. An avian influenza outbreak in broiler, layer and breeder farms occurred during a very hot summer in July 1998. Three AIV isolates designated as 101, 102 and 10...

Evaluation of H9N2 avian influenza virus dissemination in various organs of experimentally infected broiler chickens using RT-PCR

Widespread occurrence of H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses in many Asian countriesduring the past decade has resulted in the need for evaluation of the pathogenesis of H9N2 virus infection. In this study, tissue tropism and dissemination of A/Chicken/Iran/772/1998(H9N2) virus throughout the body of broiler chickens were investigated. The clinical signs, gross lesions and antibo...